中国六省城乡居民健康信息素养水平研究

A study on health information literacy among urban and suburban residents in six provinces in China

目的 了解我国城乡居民健康信息素养水平及相关因素,探索提高健康素养水平的途径.方法 于2013年3-5月,采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,对中国6个省18～ 60岁城乡居民进行《中国公众糖尿病防治素养调查问卷》调查.调查对象对其健康信息素养水平进行自评.以第六次全国普查数据对调查结果进行标化.采用logistic回归分析影响健康信息素养的影响因素进行分析.结果 共调查4 416名居民,收回有效问卷4 282份,问卷有效率为97.0％.经标化后,我国18 ～60岁城乡居民健康信息素养水平为30.1％,其95％ CI值为28.5％ ～31.6％.70.8％的居民主动获取过健康信息;43.7％的居民能够顺利地获取健康信息;49.1％的居民能够顺利地理解健康信息;41.8％的居民有把握甄别健康信息的对错;51.1％的居民使用过网络搜索健康信息.多因素logistic回归分析显示：农村居民、男性、文化程度低者、白评健康状况较差者健康信息素养水平较低.信任程度最高的信息来源是医生,信任率达97.0％,其次是家人、朋友或同事,居民对人际传播的信任程度高于大众媒体,高于新媒体.结论 我国居民健康信息素养水平较低.提高居民健康信息素养水平,需要提供更高质量的健康信息服务,探索医务人员利用网络进行健康教育的途径.

Objective To understand the status and its influencing factors of health information literacy among urban and suburban residents in China,and to explore the method for improving the health information literacv.Methods From March to May in 2013,residents aged 18-60 years in six provinces in China were investigated with Questionnaire of Health Literacy of Diabetes Mellitus of the Public in China about self-reported health information literacy.The results of the survev were standardized by the 6th national census data.Logistic regression analysis was used to explore influencing factors of health information literacy.Results A total of4 416 residents were surveyed,and 4 282 （97.0％） valid questionnaires were collected.After weight adjustments,30.1％ of the residents aged 18-60 years had adequate health information literacy in China,and the 95％ CI of the rate was 28.5％-31.6％.Totally,70.8％ of the residents ever actively searched for health information,43.7％ of the residents could easily retrieve the health information,49.l％ of the residents could easily understand the health information,41.8％ of the residents could confidently differentiate the quality of the health information and 51.1％ of the residents ever searched health information on the internet.The results of multi-logistic regression showed that the rural residents,the males,those with lower levels of education,those with poor health had a lower health information literacy.The most trusted health information source was from doctors,and the trust rate reached 97.0％,followed by family members,friends or colleagues.The residents trusted the interpersonal comnunication more than the mass media and the new media.Conclusion The level of health information literacy of the residents was generally low in China.To improve the health information literacy,high-quality health information services shoull be delivered to the residents,and the health education on the internet provided by the medical professionals should also be explored.