确立社会治理的三维视阈

Establish Social Management Innovation Dimensional Perspective

笔者从制度、体制、机制的三维视阈,提出社会治理变革的本质在于使公共利益最大化,实现社会治理过程的民主化,从强制型管理为主转向强制型管理与自治管理并举的状态;在社会治理的制度方面应把握责任的"度",政府权力的下放、社会协同治理方式的实施都应该建立相应的政策法规依据;在社会治理的体制改革中,政府需通过政策与法规的制度化手段,组织、动员、协同、监督非政府组织承担管理责任;在社会治理机制构建中,由于对非政府组织和民众参与社会治理所拥有的权力与义务缺乏明确的规定,使社会的治理与监督机制未能真正建立起来;因缺乏合理的制度性社会评价指标,因而未能建立有效的社会监控机制;由于对虚拟社会缺乏必要的制度化规范和相应的组织管理体制,因而虚拟社会的治理机制尚未健全;为此,社会治理主体应确立社会治理制度、体制和机制的三维眼界与境界,建立结构与功能统一、社会与经济、政治、文化相协调的社会治理制度;理顺社会治理体制中的条块分割,设置专门的社会治理机构;构建流动人口服务、特殊人群帮教、治安综合治理、社会风险预警、社会利益诉求、社会监督调控、社会综合服务等社会治理机制。

This paper from the perspective of social management system project, discussed the interaction between the institution, system and mechanism of social management. From the institution, system and mechanism dimensional perspective,it proposed the transform nature of the social management structure to maximize the public interest, to establish democratization social management process, transition from coercion management to state of coercion management coexistence with autonomous management. In terms of social management system the government should take responsibility for moderation, government decentralization and social collaborative governance should be based on policies and regulations. In the process of social management system reform, governments need to adopt policies and regulations institutionalized means, organization, mobilization, coordination, monitoring NGO management assume management responsibilities. In the process of building social management mechanism, since the powers and duties of NGO and citizens to participale in social management lack of clearly defined, cause social autonomous management and oversight mechanisms not really set up. Because it is short of an institutional reasonable social evaluation index, thus failed to establish the effective social control mechanism. Due to the lack of the necessary institutionalized norms and the corresponding organizational management system of the virtual society, thus the administration system of virtual society is unsound. In this case, the social supervisor should establish the three dimensional horizon and realm of social management system,organization system and mechanism. Establish a unified structure and function social management system in which the society coordinated with economic, political and cultural. Straightened out the compartmentalization of social management system,and set up a dedicated social management agency. At least it constructs the some effective social management mechanisms like the floating population service, help and education for special groups, comprehensive management of public security, social risk warning, social interest demands, social supervision and regulation, social integration services.