论我国乡村治理中的参与式预算——价值、困境与法制化出路

On the Participatory Budget in the Countryside Governance——Value,Difficulties and Legalization

参与式预算是一种体现直接预算民主的治理机制,它有助于推动乡镇层级上的治理创新、强化基层财政的自主地位、促进基层人大与村民自治的有机衔接,从而克服传统"乡政村治"模式的弊端。但是,它也面临着诸多困境,表现在非正式制度与正式制度的断裂,技术规则与赋权规则的失衡,制度功能上激励与约束的缺位,制度变迁中创新与嵌入的脱节。因此,应当在《预算法》的层面给予参与式预算正式的立法支持,并通过构建、完善参与式预算的权利保障法律制度、参与式预算的激励与约束法律制度、与参与式预算相关的村民自治与乡镇人大法律制度,探寻参与式预算法制化的可行路径。

As of the direct budgetary democratic governance, participatory budget for overcoming traditional ＂Rural Governance＂ model has important drawbacks of practical value, helping to promote the township level governance innovation, strengthening grassroots of financial autonomy, and promoting grassroots People＇s Congress and public participation integrated. But it also faces a number of legal difficulties,including the fracture of the informal systems and formal systems, the imbalance of technical rules and empowerment rules, the absence of incentives and constraints of systems functions, and disjoined relationship between the institutional innovation and embedding. It＇s necessary to supply formal systems through the Budget Law by the protection of the rights legal systems, the incentive and constraints of legal systems, the autonomy of villagers and township People＇s Congress legal systems.