论后冷战时代美国对中国海权发展的制约

On the US Restriction of China's Sea Power in the Post-Cold War Era

冷战结束后,中国已日益成为一个海洋国家,发展海权成为中国国家战略理所当然的选择。由于种种原因,美国对中国发展海权持有疑虑与否定的态度,并在中国发展海权的三个关键方向,即台湾代表的东向,南海代表的南向和印度洋代表的西向采取了遏制手段与措施。美国因此成为中国海权发展的制约因素。由于冷战结束后太平洋已成为世界海权体系的轴心地带,中美分别是太平洋两岸地缘重心国家,中美之间在海权领域的关系已日益占据主要地位,取代了冷战时代美国和苏联在海权领域的主导地位。在可预见的未来,中美在海权领域的制约与反制约斗争还将得以延续。

It is quite natural for China to develop its sea power with the emergence as a maritime country after the Cold War. The Unit-ed States has always had doubts and negative attitude toward the development of China's sea power for various reasons. In the mean-time,U.S. has adopted containment policy to restrict three directions of China's sea power,which stretches from coastal waters to Tai-wan,the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean. As a result,U.S. factor becomes an important element limiting the development of Chi-na's sea power. The Pacific has become the core zone of world's sea power system since the end of the Cold War. And China-U.S. rela-tions prevails U.S.-Soviet relations in the field of sea power. The constraints and Anti constraints relations between China and U.S. willcontinue for the foreseeable future.