基于大众意志、经济资本与个人能力的现代政治属性分析

An Analysis on Modern Political Property Based on Public Will,Economic Capital and Personal Ability

西方启蒙运动对于人与人性价值的张扬是现代政治或政治现代性的滥觞,人的目的如何实现内在规定了政治发展的基本走向。时至今日,现代政治的基本价值原则与重要制度安排已经明晰——以市场为基础的人民主权、法治与权力制衡的政治制度安排,发展成为有效容纳社会多元力量与协调大众意志、经济资本和个人能力的权力运作体系。因此,现代政治就具有了两个基本属性:非排他性与竞争性。非排他性决定了现代政治吸纳社会力量进入政治体系之中,并对其有效规制,消解了巨大异己力量的存在,使现代政治避免了政体循环与历史周期之恶;竞争性要求现代政治借助于透明化的民意选举、职位择优来完成权力的有效配置,有利于政治体系长久保持活力。

Modern politics or political modernity originates the stress on people and the value of humanity in the Enlightenment. How to achieve human purposes decides internally the basic devel opment of politics. Today, the basic value of modem politics and the important institutional arrange ments have become clear, namely, the political system of popular sovereignty, rule of law and checks and balances , which takes the market as the foundation, has effectively become the power system operation which accommodates diverse society strength and coordinates the public will, eco nomic capital and individual ability. Therefore, modem politics has two basic properties, nonexclud ability and competitiveness. Nonexcludability determines that the modern politics absorbs social forces into the political system and effectively regulates them. Dispelling the existence of the giant alien strength makes the modern politics to avoid the evil regime cycle and the historical cycle. Com petitiveness emphasizes completing the efficient allocation of power by modern transparent political poll and preferred position, which is advantageous to the political system to keep vitality.