“报国”还是误国——战时日本民众对南京陷落的反应评析

“Serve or Harm the Country”: An Analysis of Japanese People's Reaction to the Fall of Nanjing

日军攻占南京后,日本民众欣喜若狂,举行庆祝游行,还组织"国防妇人会"、"军人后援会"等团体,以解决前线官兵的后顾之忧。这些所谓"忠君报国"之举,一方面是由于日本当局严密的新闻统制政策,使日本民众不了解战争的侵略性质及日军侵华暴行真相;另一方面,日本当局长期进行军国主义教育,灌输"忠君"、"皇国"观念,致使日本民众认为支持战争就是"忠君爱国"。这种所谓"忠君报国"思想,实际上是军国主义思潮和极端民族主义的集中体现,使日本在侵略道路上越走越远。

After the Japanese captured Nanjing, the ecstatic Japanese people held parades and organized the ＂National Defense women committee＂ for the frontline soldiers. The so-called ＂patriotic＂ behavior played an important role in fueling war of the Japanese invasion of China. Why was Japanese public so fanatical？ One of the reasons was that Japanese authorities tightly controlled the news, which made the Japanese people not understand the nature of the invasion war and not know the truth of the Japanese atrocities in China . The other was that Japanese authorities carry out the militarism education, indoctrinated ＂loyalty to the emperor＂, ＂Imperial＂ concept to the Japanese people for a long time. So, Japanese people believed that supporting the war was the ＂patriotic loyalty＂, which was actually a concentrated expression of extreme nationalism and militarism. This made the Japanese slide farther and farther on the road of invasion.