韩愈祭文的成就

Study on the achievements of HAN Yu's funeral oration

祭文为古代用于祭祀仪式的文体,与其他哀祭文体如诔、哀辞、吊文等在形式及作用上均有别,不宜混为一谈。历代祭文数量多不胜数,但拥有文学价值的作品却不多,而韩愈所创作的祭文便为文学史上的瑰宝,其作品如《祭十二郎文》更被誉为"祭文中千年绝调"。然而,论者研究时多集中讨论个别篇章,又时常把祭文与其他哀祭文体混为一谈,鲜有就韩愈的祭文作独立分析,故在此以传世的韩愈祭文为题,集中讨论其成就。

Funeral oration is a type of essay related to ritual ceremony in ancient China. It is different from other types of elegiac writing such as lament, condolence writing, and Lei etc. While there are numerous pieces of funeral oration throughout the history of Chinese literary, only part of them have literary value and the funeral oration written by HAN Yu is always regarded as masterpiece. Scholars, however, usually focus on certain pieces of work only, or discuss HAN＇s funeral oration together with his elegiac writing. They seldom treat funeral oration as a genre of writing and analysis it in detail. This essay, therefore, will solely focus on HAN Yu＇s funeral oration and will discuss its achievements in detail.