不同骨面型青少年上气道的锥体束CT分析

Airway incidental findings for different skeletal patterens on cone-beam computed tomography in adolescence

目的 通过锥体束CT（cone-beam computed tomographs,CBCT）研究不同垂直骨面型和不同矢状骨面型青少年正畸患者上气道的差异.方法 采集66例青少年患者的术前CBCT影像,平均年龄（12.74±1.75）岁.根据中国人正常（牙合）Steiner分析法按ANB角、SN-MP角分成Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类和高角、均角、低角组.用InvivoDental 5.1软件测量口咽部气道的体积、最小横截面面积和长度.单因素方差分析比较不同骨面型青少年正畸患者气道的差异.结果 1.不同矢状骨面型青少年患者中,骨性Ⅰ类、Ⅱ类、Ⅲ类患者气道体积分别为（14.83±13.46） cm3、（8.77±3.54） cm3、（17.23±4.85） cm3,最小横截面面积分别为（160.93±90.43） mm2、（103.81±50.65） mm2、（200.57±66.76） mm2,而气道长度分别为（52.37±5.82） mm、（56.15±7.51） mm、（52.27±5.23）mm,差异都有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;2.不同垂直骨面型的青少年患者气道体积、长度及最小横截面积之间均无统计学差异（P＞0.05）.结论 青少年患者气道形态与矢状骨面型相关,与垂直骨面型无明显相关.

Objective To investigate the upper airway differences among various sagittal and vertical skeletal facial patternsinadolescent orthodontic patients by cone-beam computed tomographs （CBCT）.Methods 66malocclusion patients （mean age was （12.74 ± 1.75） years old） with pretreatment CBCT image data were selected.According to Steiner analysis of Chinese population,these patients were divided into different groups according to ANB angle （Class Ⅰ,Class Ⅱ,ClassⅢ） and SN-MP angle （High-angle,Average-angle,Low-angle）.Pharyngeal airway volume,length and the minimum cross-section area of each patient upper airwaywere measured by InvivoDental 5.1 software.The results were analyzed by One-way ANOVA.Results In different sagittal skeletal pattern patients,the airway volume were （14.83±13.46） cm3 、（8.77±3.54） cm3 、（17.23±4.85） cm3,the minimum cross-section area were （160.93±90.43） mm2 、（103.81±50.65） mm2 、（200.57± 66.76） mm2,and the airway length were （52.37±5.82） mm、（56.15±7.51） mm、（52.27±5.23） mm in Class Ⅰ,Class Ⅱ,Class Ⅲ respectively.The differences all had statistical significance（P＜ 0.05）.In different vertical skeletal pattern patients,the changes in all three aspects showed no statistical significance.Conclusions Adolescent upper airway characteristics correlate with sagittal skeletal patterns,but not with verticalskeletal patterns.