地基微重力效应模拟影响骨髓间充质干细胞生物学行为及其调控机理研究进展

Impacts of ground-based microgravity simulation on biological responses of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and its underlying mechanisms:A mini-review

随着空间生命科学的发展,地基模拟微重力效应的研究显得越来越重要,以弥补空间飞行机会受限的不足。骨髓间充质干细胞(bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,BMSCs)在地基能够向各胚层分化,但其在空间微重力条件下的生物学行为以及调控机制仍不清楚。地基模拟微重力效应会影响BMSCs的生长、凋亡和细胞表面分子的表达,导致细胞骨架重组,改变BMSCs在不同分化方向上的潜能。本文就地基微重力效应模拟如何影响BMSCs生物学行为及其相关调控机理进行综述,以期深入认识(微)重力影响BMSCs的力学-生物学耦合机制,为与空间飞行相关的病理生理改变提供理论参考。

With the development of space life science, researches on ground-based microgravity simulation become more and more important for spaceflight to complement their limited missions. It is well known that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） are pluripotent, self-renewing cells with multi-lineage differentiation capacity on the ground, but their responses under microgravity and the underlying regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. Ground-based microgravity simulation might affect cell proliferation, apoptosis and expression of surface molecules, and induce cytoskeletal reorganization, as well as alter the differentiation potential of BMSCs. In this review, how ground-based microgravity simulation mediates BMSCs＇ responses and its involved mechanisms are summarized to further understand the mechano-biological coupling in such process and provide theoretical references for space flight-induced pathophysiological alterations.