豌豆彩潜蝇幼期各虫态的形态学研究

Morphological study of preimaginal stages of the leafminer Chromatomyia horticola( Goureau)( Diptera: Agromyzidae)

【目的】豌豆彩潜蝇Chromatomyia horticola(Goureau)是我国蔬菜上常见的一种重要害虫,目前尚未见该虫幼期卵到蛹各虫态形态特征的系统研究。【方法】本研究采用野外取样和室内饲养的方法收集豌豆彩潜蝇的卵、不同龄期的幼虫以及蛹,对该虫从卵期到羽化成成虫的全过程进行了详细的观察,并通过测量幼虫口钩和头咽骨的长度对幼虫龄期进行了划分。【结果】卵期观察到了豌豆彩潜蝇及其他潜蝇科昆虫中从未记述过的卵的呼吸角。利用口钩和头咽骨长度将幼虫划分为3个龄期,并对不同龄期幼虫的形态特征进行了比较和描述,确定了通过骨化结构对幼虫龄期准确鉴定和通过外部形态快速鉴定的方法。根据豌豆彩潜蝇蛹期发育的形态特征变化将蛹期划分为5个明显的发育阶段。【结论】本研究记述了豌豆彩潜蝇卵到蛹期的形态特征并对幼虫龄期进行了划分,为潜蝇幼虫和蛹的形态学及豌豆彩潜蝇生物学、生理学和防治研究提供基础。

[ Aim ] The leafminer Chromatomyia horticola （Goureau） is one of the most important pests commonly found on vegetables in China. Up to now, there has been no systematic study ofthe morphology of the preimaginal （egg to pupa） stages of C. horticola. [ Methods ] We collected eggs, larvae of different instars and pupae from the field and reared in the laboratory. The morphologicalcharacteristics of the preimaginal stages of C. horticola from egg to pupa were observed and described systematically, and the larval instars were divided by measurement of the length of mouth hooks andcephalopharyngeal skeleton. [ Results ] We reported the pneustocera of egg for the first time for C. horticola which also for the family Agromyzidae. The larvae were divided into three instars based on the length ofmouth hooks and cephalopharyngeal skeleton. The morphological characteristics of different larval instars were described. The precise method by measurement of skeleton structures and the fast method byobservation of external morphology were established for discrimination of different larval instars of C. horticola. The development of the pupa was divided into five stages significantly based on morphologicalcharacteristics. [ Conclusion ] This study described the morphological characteristics of the preimaginal stages and divided the larval instars of the C. horticola, which provides fundamental information for thestudy of the morphology of preimaginal stages of agromyzids and the biology, physiology and control of C. horticola.