4年患者医院感染细菌谱变化研究

Study on change of spectrum of bacteria causing nosocomial infections in 4 years

目的分析2009-2012年患者医院感染细菌谱的变化,为临床细菌感染诊断及合理用药提供理论依据。方法回顾性调查2009-2012年7 955例患者临床送检的21 006份标本分离结果,并进行统计比较,分析医院感染细菌谱变化;数据均采用SPSS17.0软件进行统计分析。结果 4年医院感染共221例,感染率2.78%,2009年医院感染35例,感染率2.39%,2010年医院感染42例,感染率2.63%,2011年医院感染79例,感染率2.99%,2012年医院感染65例,感染率2.88%;4年送检标本20 996份,培养阳性7 955份,检出率为37.89%;2009-2012年感染率最高的季度均为第三季度,感染率分别为3.60%、3.16%、3.36%、3.33%,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);4年共检出细菌7 955株,肺炎克雷伯菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、阴沟肠杆菌检出率呈现降低趋势,铜绿假单胞菌呈上升趋势。结论近4年医院细菌感染检出率呈现季节差异,其中医院感染季节差异无统计学意义。

OBJECTIVE To analyze the change of spectrum of bacteria causing infections from 2009to 2012so as to provide guidance for clinical diagnosis of bacterial infections and reasonable use of antibiotics.METHODS From2009through 2012,the results of culture of 21 006submitted specimens obtained from 7955patients were retrospectively investigated,the statistical comparison was performed,the change of spectrum of bacteria causing infections was analyzed,and all the data were statistically analyzed with the use of SPSS17.0software.RESULTS The nosocomial infections occurred in 221cases in the 4years with the infection rate of 2.78%;there were 35（2.39%）cases of nosocomial infections in 2009,42（2.63%）cases in 2010,79（2.99%）cases in 2011,65（2.88%）cases in 2012.Of the 20 996specimens submitted in the four years,totally 7 955strains of bacteria have been cultured positiwe with the isolation rate of 37.89%.The incidence of the bacterial infections in the seasons from 2009to 2012.was highest in the third quarter;the incidence rates of infections were 3.60%,3.16%,3.36%,and 3.33%,respectively,the difference was significant（P〈0.05）.Totally 7 955strains of bacteria haue been isolated in the four years;the isolation rate of the Klebsiella pneumoniae,Staphylococcus aureus,or Enterobacter cloacae showed a downward trend,while the isolation rate of the Pseudomonas aeruginosashowed an upward trend.CONCLUSIONIn the four years,the isolation rates of the bacteria causing infections vary in the seasons,and there is no significant difference in the incidence of nosocomial infections in the seasons.