手术患者医院感染相关因素的研究

Risk factors for nosocomial infections in patients undergoing surgery

目的探讨手术患者医院感染相关危险因素,并对其进行分析,为减少手术室感染发生率提供依据。方法选取2010年12月-2012年12月经手术治疗的240例患者临床资料进行回顾性研究,观察患者发生感染的临床资料分别进行单因素和多因素logistic回归分析。结果 240例手术患者有31例发生感染,感染率为12.92%,经单因素分析发现,患者年龄、糖尿病、术后滞留引流管、手术时间、术中出血量、疾病以及手术室的环境与感染的发生相关,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对差异有统计学意义的单因素进行多因素logistic回归分析发现,患者的年龄、糖尿病、术后滞留引流管、手术时间以及疾病是手术室感染发生的独立危险因素。结论手术室发生感染的因素较多,临床医师需要在术前选择合适的抗菌药物进行预防,了解相关危险因素,尽量避免感染的发生。

OBJECTIVE To explore the related risk factors for nosocomial infections in the patients undergoing surgery so as to provide guidance for reduction of incidence of infections in the operating rooms.METHODS A total of240patients who underwent surgery from Dec 2010to Dec 2012were recruited in the study,then the clinical data of the subjects were retrospectively reviewed,the clinical data of the patients with infections were observed,and the univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis were respectively performed.RESULTS Of the240patients undergoing surgical procedures,the infections occurred in 31cases with the infection rate of 12.92%.The univariate analysis showed that the incidence of infections was significance associated with the age,diabetes,postoperative drainage tube indwelling,operation duration,intraoperative bleeding volume,diseases,and environment of operating rooms（P〈0.05）.The multivariate logistic regression analysis of the single factor with significance indicated that the age,diabetes,postoperative drainage tube indwelling,operation duration,and diseases were the independent risk factors for the infections in the operating rooms.CONCLUSION There are a variety of risk factors for the infections in the operating rooms.It is necessary for the clinician to choose appropriate antibiotics before the surgery and to be aware of the related risk factors so as to prevent the infections.