论恩格斯“福斯泰夫式的背景”

On Engels' s“Background of the Falstaff Type”

在长期以来的马克思主义文艺学、美学研究中,恩格斯所提出的"福斯泰夫式的背景"这一独特的文艺美学范畴并没有受到应有的重视。这一点与我们对待马克思的"莎士比亚化"的态度形成了鲜明的对比。通过深入细致的研究,人们会发现恩格斯所提出的这一理论范畴其重要意义至少有三方面:第一,它典范性地体现了马克思主义文艺批评实践中历史观点与美学观点相统一;第二,它内在性地丰富了马克思主义历史剧理论以及现实主义文艺美学理论;第三,它创造性地拓展了西方莎士比亚研究的理论范式和方法论。

For a long time, in the field of Marxism literary, art and aesthetical study, little importance was attached to ＂background of the Falstaff type＂, the unique subject, advanced by Engels. This insufficiency shows a striking contrast with our attitude to- wards Marx＇s ＂Shakespearization＂. A deeper study could show that the significance of Engels＇s theory mode is embodied at least in three areas： first, it modellingly unfolded the unity of concept of Marxism historical and aesthetical criticism; second, it intrinsically enriched Marxism theory of history drama and aesthetic theory of realism; third, it creatively expanded the theoretical paradigm and methodology of Western Shakespeare study.