毛竹叶螨及其天敌捕食螨的生态位研究

NICHES OF MITES AND THEIR NATURAL ENEMIES ON PHYLIOSTACHYS HETEROCYCLA

通过对福建南平西芹毛竹叶螨危害的毛竹林调查分析 ,结果表明 ,毛竹叶螨及其天敌对时空资源利用程度序列为 :捕食螨 (Bi =0 5550 ) >竹小爪螨 (Oligonychusurama) (Bi=0 4 467) >南京裂爪螨 (Schizotet ranychusnanjingensis) (Bi=0 30 97) >竹缺爪螨 (Aponychuscorpuzae) (Bi=0 2 875) >竹裂爪螨 (S .celarius) (Bi=0 1 674 ) >苔螨 (Bryobiasp .) (Bi=0 1 4 1 7)。捕食螨对南京裂爪螨、竹小爪螨、竹缺爪螨的时空跟随效应强 (Cij值分别为 0 574 3、0 4 830、0 4 371 )。叶螨间南京裂爪螨与竹缺爪螨对时空资源竞争最激烈 (Cij=0 60 76)。竹小爪螨与其它 4种叶螨竞争较激烈 (Cij>0 2 )。南京裂爪螨、竹小爪螨、竹缺爪螨 3种叶螨不同螨态中以竹小爪螨卵和成螨占有较大时空资源 ,其种内竞争激烈 (Cij值大 )。种间以竹缺爪螨和南京裂爪螨卵、幼若螨、竹缺爪螨幼螨与南京裂爪螨卵、竹小爪螨成螨与竹缺爪螨幼若螨竞争激烈 (Cij>0 4 )。捕食螨对 3种叶螨不同螨态的跟随效应以南京裂爪螨幼若螨、成螨、竹小爪螨成螨、竹缺爪螨幼若螨最强 (Cij>0 5) ,其余依次为竹小爪螨卵、南京裂爪螨卵、竹缺爪螨成螨、竹小爪螨幼若螨。

The niches of mites and their predatory mites in Phyllostachys heterocycia forest in Xiqin, Nanping, Fujian Province were studied.The results showed that the sequence of utilization degree of the mites on the bamboo's leaves and their natural enemy(predatory mites)to temporal\|spatial resource was as follows: predetory mites( B i=0 5550)>Oligonychus urama (B i=0 4467)>Schizotetranychus nanjingensis (B i=0 3097)>Aponychus corpuzae (B i =0 2875> S. celarius (B i =0 1674)> Bryobia sp.( B i=0 1417); the following effects of predatory mites with S.nanjingensis, O.urama, A.corpuzae were strong in temporal\|spatial resource (the values of C ij were 0 5743, 0 4830, 0 4371 respectively.); in the mites, the competiton between S.nanjingensis and A.corpuzae was acutest ( C ij =0 6076) and between O.urama and the others was very fierce too; the egg and adult of O.urarna occupied more temporal\|spatial resouce in the different stages of the mites; the competitions were acute in species and between the egg, the larva and the nymph of S.nanjingensis and A.copuzae, the larva and the nymph of A.corpuzae and the egg of S.nanjingensis, the adult of O.urama and the larva and the nymph of A.corpuzae(C ij >0 4); the following effects of predatory mites on the larva, the nymph and the adult of S.naningensis. The adult of O.urama and the larva and the nymph of A.corpuzae were stonger than the other stages ( C ij >0 5) and the sequence of others were the egg of O.urama, the egg of S.nanjingensis, the adult of A.corpuzae, the larva and the nymph of O.urama and the egg of A.corpuzae.