明末清初我国测绘科技的人文社会背景分析——传教士与中国测绘科技的发展

Analysing the Humanity Environment of Science and Technology History of Chinese Surveying and Mapping during Last Years of Ming Dynasty and First Years of Qing Dynasty-The Missionaries and the Development of Science and Technology History of Chine

通过对我国明末清初测绘科技的回顾 ,分析了明末清初西方传教士来华传教及科技交流对我国测绘科技的影响 ,对当时我国测绘科技发展的人文环境和社会背景做了深入探究 ,例举了清初我国与传教士合作开展全国地图测绘的全过程、取得的成果和使用的方法 ,在此基础上深入分析了这一时期测绘科技的辉煌成就及其因后期的“闭关主义”政策和“天朝中心说”的自大守旧等人文背景和文化传统及科技政策的失误所造成的诸多历史遗憾。

Reviewed Chinese science and technology history of surveying and mapping during the last years of Ming dynasty and the first years of Qing dynasty, analysised the influence on Chinese surveying and mapping made by western missionaries and science and technology exchange activities during this period. Deeply inquiried the humanity environment and social background of the development history of Chinese surveying and mapping. Listed the full course, achievements and use methods of Chinese national maps' surveying and drawing made by the cooperation with the western missionaries during the first years of Qing dynasty. On this basis, deeply anslysised the reasons on how can Chinese science and technology of surveying and mapping made such great achievement in this period. In the meantime, also pointed out why the Chinese science and technology of surveying and mapping lagged behind the world after that period in the history.