论地球空间信息技术与通信技术的集成

The Technique Integration of the Spatial Information and Communication

随着地球空间信息技术的发展 ,信息获取的技术手段和方法发生了根本性变化 ,从传统的地基的、手工的、单点的、单要素向空基的、全自动的、面域的、全要素方向发展 ;所获取信息的数据量成几何级数增加 ,数据的质量和性质也发生了很大变化。与此同时 ,地球空间信息技术的应用也从传统的测绘领域迅速扩展到更加广泛的领域 ,这些新兴的应用反过来又对地球空间信息技术的发展提出了更高的要求 ,特别是动态和实时方面的巨大需求将促使地球空间信息技术与通信技术的结合 ,从而促进其进一步发展。可以预见 ,在 2 1世纪地球空间信息技术将与通信技术紧密结合 ,并充分利用通信技术迅速发展的大好机遇 ,获得快速发展。本文在对地球空间信息技术与通信技术集成的必要性和可行性进行分析的基础上 ,着重对技术集成的模式和方法进行深入讨论 ,并通过典型应用的分析进一步阐述其应用领域和前景。最后 ,提出地球空间信息技术与通信技术的集成是下一个世纪地球空间信息科学发展的方向。

With the development of the spatial information technique,the technical measures and methods of the collection of the spatial information have changed thoroughly from the conventional ground_based,manual surveying,single point and single element to air_borne,automation,area range and full elements. The information data increase with the geometric series and its quality and property change greatly. At the same time,the spatial information technique is extending from the field of the conventional surveying and mapping to more broad fields. All these new developing techniques have much higher requirement of the development of the spatial information technique. The particular demand of the dynamic and real_time spatial information will promote the combination of the spatial information technique and the communication technique. We can prefigure that the spatial information technique will integrate closely with the communication technique in the coming 21st century and make the best use of the communication technique development to obtain the chance to develop fast. This tendency provides hard_won opportunity and challenge to the researchers of science and technology in the field of the spatial information technique.In this paper,the authors deeply discuss the integration modes and methods of the spatial information technique and the communication technique based on the analysis of the necessity and feasibility of their integration. The application fields and prospect are further expatiated through the analysis of some typical applications.Finally,the authors propose that the integration technique of the spatial information and communication should be the developing direction of the spatial information science in 21st century. Through such integration “Geo_Information for All' and “Digital Earth to Every Family' will be realized for the development of human living quality.