烟台四十里湾海域红色裸甲藻赤潮发展过程及其成因

EVOLUTION AND CAUSES OF FORMATION OF GYMNODINIUM SANGUINEUM BLOOM IN YANTAI SISHILI BAY

对 1 998年 8月中旬至 9月中旬烟台四十里湾发生的大规模赤潮进行调查研究。结果表明 ,此次赤潮发生面积约为 1 0 0km2 ,其原因种为红色裸甲藻Gymnodiniumsanguineum ,密度高达 1 560ind/ml,是我国首次记录的由该种生物引起的大规模赤潮。大量衰亡赤潮生物的分解消耗水体的溶解氧 ,引起下层水体严重缺氧 ,导致养殖的扇贝大批死亡。赤潮的成因主要是大量陆源有机物、营养盐类的排入和大规模贝类筏式养殖的自身污染 ,为赤潮生物的暴发性增殖提供丰富的物质基础 ;

From mid August to mid September,a HAB event of Gymnodinium sangnineum bloom occurred in the aquaculture area of the Sishili Bay,Yantai. The area of the HAB is about 100km 2,and the highest density of Gymnodinium sangnineum reached 1560 cells/ml. This bloom caused severe economic losses.\;The origin of the bloom is attributed to eutrophication,which is caused mainly by land source pollution and shellfish cultivition.The faeces and the pseudo faeces excreted by scallop Chalmys farreri and attached organisms account to 149800 tons(dry weight) over the area,in which total N is 776 tons. The total N from terrigenous input is about 1910 tons and the total P is 150 tons.High temperature,low turbulence,and intense irradiation offered a suitable physical environment for the bloom.