宽叶香蒲对铅锌的吸收、积累和迁移规律研究

A Study on the Law of Absorption,Deposition and Transition of Pb-Zn Pollutant by Typha latifolia

通过组织化学方法检测宽叶香蒲(Typha latifolia L.)体内的铅锌污染物,发现铅在香蒲体内的积累量是根>地下茎>叶.铅在根的积聚量是表皮>皮层>维管组织;木薄壁组织>导管;嫩根>老根.铅在茎的沉积量是皮层>维管组织>表皮;老茎>嫩茎:叶的铅积累量是表皮>维管组织>叶肉;老叶>成熟叶>嫩叶.污染点香蒲积累铅量>对照点.铅以颗粒状、核状、结晶状沉积在地下茎皮层薄细胞内,甚至充填整个细胞以致细胞破裂.锌的分布积累规律与铅相似.铅、锌由香蒲根表皮吸收,一部分积累在根;一部分通过根的通道细胞和共质体迁移至地下茎,主要积存在茎皮层薄壁细胞内,小部分通过维管组织输送至叶.铅、锌在通气腔和根内皮层凯氏带周围受阻是香蒲对铅锌有较强耐性的原因以一。

By using histochemical method to identify and distinguish lead andZine from other heavy metals in living purification plant Typha latifolia tissu-es,the results can be concluted as follows:The lead pollutant absorbed is foundmainly accumulated in epidermis cells,cortex parenchyma and vascular tissue ofTypha root and rhizome,and in cortex,vascular tissue and mesophyll of leaf.The accumulated amount of lead in root is epidermis>cortex>vascular tissue;xylem parenchyma>tubule,young root>elder root.The lead quantity deposi-ted in rhizome is cortex>vascular tissue>epidermis,elder rhizome>youngone.The deposited lead amound in leaf is inner wall of epidermis cell>vasculartissue>mesophyll,elder leaf>mature one>tender one.The quantity of leadaccumulated in Typha plant grown in Pb-Zn waste water pound is more than thatin control area.The lead deposited is mainly distributed in the forms of grain,nucleus,and crystal.Even the eclls were ruptured because of the lead depositionin full of the cell.The law of distribution and deposition of Zinc in Typha plantwas similar to lead only in the form of grain.