媒介即意识形态——论法兰克福学派的媒介控制思想

Media Is Ideology: The Frankfurt Idea of Media Domination ——Studing for the Media Dominating Theory of Frankfurt School

法兰克福学派在哲学、社会学、政治学和心理学方面的成就举世瞩目 ,但他们在传播学上的贡献国内却鲜见评介和研究。法兰克福学派的传播思想集中在对媒介控制的认识上。他们认为 ,在发达工业社会中 ,大众媒介已成为意识形态 ,成为维护国家统治的合法性的基础 ;通过传播上的操纵和欺骗 ,大众媒介不仅极为有效地清除了社会文化的否定性 ,甚至系统地清除了孕育批判性和否定性的家庭环境对儿童的影响 ,最终造就单向度的人和社会。虽然这主要是对资本主义制度下作为意识形态媒介的批判 。

The Frankfurt School has been recognized for their studies in philosophy, sociology, political science and psychology. Their contribution to the communication theories has not , however, received enough attention from the Chinese scholars. Focusing on the understanding of the media domination, the Frankfurt School holds that mass media in a developed industrial society has become an ideology that functions as a legal foundation for the state sovereignty. When manipulated, mass media may help create a mono-dimensional society through effectively eliminating not only negative ideas on existing social and cultural systems but also potential adverse family influences on the younger generation. Although this is a criticism of the media in the capitalist society, it is well worth our reflection.