鹤望兰的自花与异花授粉研究

Self\|pollination and cross pollination in Strelitzia reginae Banks.

珍稀名贵花卉鹤望兰是典型的鸟媒植物 ,引种到我国栽培 ,由于没有蜂鸟 ,必须人工授粉才能结实 .为了研究人工授粉的效果 ,提高鹤望兰的授粉成功几率 ,对授粉的时间、同一花序的不同花朵、自花、异花等进行比较试验 .结果表明 :①在厦门地区 ,4～ 7月、9～ 11月进行人工授粉效果最好 ;②异花授粉的结果率明显高于自花授粉 ,异花授粉的结果率平均为 91 75 % ,自花授粉仅为 40 76 % ;③异花授粉的单果种子数为 2 4 5个、自花授粉为 10 4个 ,两者存在明显差异 ;④同一花序的各花朵间异花授粉结果率无差异 ,而进行自花授粉各花朵间存在明显差异 ;

Bird of paradise flower (Strelitzia reginae Banks) is pollened by birds, so it couldn't be pollinated when there are not certain birds in the nature. It's been introduced to China for many years, to bear fruit it must have artificial pollination. To increase the fructification rate by artificial pollination, a test was made by different pollination time, various flowers, self-pollination, cross-pollination and so on. The result shows that: (1) the best time for artificial pollination is from April to July, and from Sept. to Nov. (2) The fructification ratio of cross pollination is 91.75%, but that's of self-pollination' is only 40.76%. (3) The number of seed by cross pollination is 24.5 per fruit, and while it' s only 10.4 per fruit by self-pollination. Two of them are quite different. (4) By cross pollination, the fructification rates of various flowers in a same inflorescence aren't different, but that's quite different by self-pollination. (5) The number of seed in a fruit in a same inflorescence isn't different.