尿酶谱对镉诱导兔肾损害的早期诊断价值研究

Urinary enzyme spectrum as early indicators of cadmium-induced renal tubular damage in rabbits

本文给兔皮下注射氯化镉生理盐水诱导肾损害,探讨了尿酶作为发现镉诱导肾损害的早期指标的可能性。结果显示尿ALP、GGT、AAP及TREH排出量在镉处理一周后显著升高,早于尿NAG、LDH、LYS的升高,更早于蛋白尿的出现。尿AST在镉处理6周后才显著升高。血中以上各酶活性无明显变化,镉处理组肾小管刷状缘膜上ALP、GGT、AAP及TREH活性显著降低。结果提示除AST外,其它几种尿酶可用于早期发现镉诱导肾小管损害,尿中来源于肾小管刷状缘膜的ALP、GGT、AAP、TREH优于尿中NAG、LYS及LDH的测定。

After the rabbits were intoxicated with subcutaneous injections of cadmiun chloride solution in normal saline in the dosage of 1 mg/kg thrice weekly for 10 weeks,the efficacy of urinary enzyme spectrum to serve as indicators for renal tubular damage was assessed.The rabbits of the control received equal amount of normal saline instead of cadmium solution.Samples of blood and urine were collected once a week.It was found that urinary ALP,GGT,AAP,and TREH were increased significantly from the 1st week after intoxication,urinary NAG,LDH,and LYS were increased from the 2nd week.proteinuria occurred from the 4th wreck,and urinary AST was increased significantly from the 6th week.No changes of'the plasma levels of the above mentioned enzymes were observed.The activities of AAP,ALP,GGT,and TREH in the brush border membrane of renal tubules were markedly decreased.On the basis of the foregoing findings,it is believed that all the urinary enzymes except AST can serve as early indicators for the cadmium-induced renal tubular damage and AAP,ALP,GGT and TREH,which originate from the tubular brush border membrane,are superior to NAG,LYS,and LDH for this purpose.