塔里木河生态环境演变及整治途径

The Ecological Environment Succession and the Realignment of Tarim River Watershed

在以农业为主的生产方式下 ,塔里木河生态环境演变是绿洲与沙漠同时扩大 ,而处于两者之间的自然林地、草地、野生动物栖息地和自然水域不断缩小 ,也即荒漠与绿洲之间过渡带缩小 ,这主要是由于人类活动改变了区域水量平衡、水盐平衡和生态平衡造成。塔里木河整治应实行治理上游、改造中游、拯救下游 ;合理利用水资源 ,使上、中、下游相对平衡 ;

Under a production mode dominated by agriculture, the environmental succession in Tarim River waterahed is the simultaneous enlargement of both oases and deserts, whereas the natural forest lands, grasslands, habitat of natural plants and wild animals, and natural waters between oases and deserts reduce comtinuously in area, i.e. the area reduction of the ecotones between the oases and deserts. Which is mainly caused by the change of the regional water budget, salt balance and ecological balance from human activities.In the realignment of Tarim River watershed, it is suggested to realign the upper reaches, transform the middle reaches and rescue the lower reaches;to utilize water resources rationally so as to made a relative balance of water consumption between the upper, middle and lower reaches of Tarim River;and to protect the natural vegetation so as to restore the green corridor at the lower reaches.