新疆高标准防护林体系建设的理论和技术取向

The Theoretic and Technologic Tendency of High Standard Protective Plantation system in Xinjiang

新疆环境干旱 ,生态系统脆弱 ,防护林体系是不可缺少的生态成分。过去只注重了农田防护林体系的建设 ,系统目标和结构单一 ,不具有生态可持续性。高标准防护林体系建设要充实理论和技术体系的内容和方法。在理论方面要建立完善的目标系统 ,注重干扰体系的研究 ,把防护林体系建设上升到绿洲生态系统建设上来 ,区分生态系统的尺度性和等级性 ,通过自然斑块系统和生物多样性的保护 ,保障各等级生态系统的生态过程完整性。技术体系方面要注重系统规模性 ,通过恢复和重建自然斑块和廊道 ,小结构的合理格局来加强生态基础建设 。

Protective plantation system is a necessary ecological component in Xinjinang because of its dry climate and fragile ecological system. In the past decades, we only paid attention to the shelterbelt construction,so that the object and the function of the protective plantation system were very simplex and unsustainable. The construcation of high standard protective plantation system should be enriched on the theory and technique. On the theoretic aspect,the ideal of sustainable objects system should be set up. It is also necessary to study varied natural disturbances and landscape scales and ecological hierarchs of the oasis ecosystem. On the technical aspect, how to restore or reestablish natural patch and corridor systems, and to conserve biodiversity to set up ecological base of oasis ecosystem are the key tasks of high standard protective plantation system.