刚性暗管结构形式与排水性能关系的三维电模拟研究

Three-dimensional Electrolyte Model Study on the Relationship between Rigid Pipe Drain's Structure Pattern and Their Performance

作者选用电解液模型对农田排水暗管的五种结构处理进行了三维渗流测试，揭示了其渗流场的基本形态及势场变化规律，定性地描述了此五种暗管结构排水性能的优劣，同时采用能综合反映暗管排水性能的流量系数值，对不同结构在各种参数组合条件下的排水性能作了定量的分析对比，结合以往室内砂槽试验成果，提供了合理的暗管结构设计依据。此外，应用保角变换法求得了仅有纵缝和全管壁进水的两种结构的二维渗流量解析式，并通过对试验资料的统计分析和线性回归分析法推导出三维渗流量的近似计算式。

Based on electrolyte moldel, the authors of this paper tested three-dimentionalseepage flow movement for five types of conventional structures. The tests revealed the basicpattern and the law of changes in seepage flow field for pipe drainage. A qualitive describtion of drainage ability of five types of pipe structures is given in the paper. Meanwhile,flow coefficient values, which affect comprehensively pipe drainage performance, were used to make quantitative comparision and analysis for drainage performance of different pipe structures under different parameter conditions. Combined with previous testing results on sand tank,this paper provides basis of reasonable design for pipe structures. In addition,the analytic equations of two-dimensional seepage flow were developed by using conformal mapping methods,including scheme 4 that has only vertical crack and scheme 5 that permits water to flow through the whole pipe wall. Throug statistical and linear regression analysis for data, the approximate equations of three-dimensional seepage flow movement were also established.