支气管哮喘患者T细胞受体δ链多态性研究

Analysis of the T cell receptor Vδ region gene repertoire in asthmatic subjects

目的 探讨γδ链T细胞在哮喘气道慢性炎症产生及延续机制中的作用。方法 留取 7例哮喘患者与 7例对照者的外周血和支气管肺泡灌洗液 (BALF) ,用免疫荧光染色和流式细胞分析技术检测γδ链T细胞的百分率 ,用逆转录聚合酶链式反应 (RT PCR)法和基因扫描法分析T细胞受体Vδ1～Vδ3 亚族的相对取用频率及克隆增殖状态。结果 哮喘患者BALF中γδT细胞比例 [(7 8±4 7) % ]与对照组 [(3 3± 3 0 ) % ]比较 ,差异有显著性 (P <0 0 5 ) ;且Vδ1的相对取用频率 [(4 4±13) % ]与对照组 [(19± 5 ) % ]比较 ,差异有显著性 (P =0 0 0 2 )。哮喘患者BALF中部分Vδ基因亚家族呈单或寡克隆扩增 ,以Vδ1亚族尤其显著。结论 对抗原发生特异性应答的γδT细胞可能在启动和维持哮喘慢性气道炎症中发挥了较重要的作用。

Objective To explore the role of γδ T cells in the asthmatic airway inflammation and identify the forces which induce and maintain the inflammatory process. Methods Peripheral blood (PB) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were obtained from seven asthmatic subjects and seven nonsmoking control subjects The percentage of γδ T cells in PB and BALF were measured by immunofluorescent staining and flow cytometry, the frequency of usage and the clonality of Vδ subfamilies (Vδ 1～Vδ 3 ) were assessed by RT PCR and gene scanning. Results Higher proportion of γδ T cell was detected in the BALF of asthmatic subjects[(7 8±4 7)%] than that from control subjects [(3 3±3 0)%] ( P <0 05) and the relative expression level of Vδ 1 significantly higher in the asthmatic airway [(44±13)%] than in the control group [(19±5)%] ( P =0 002) In asthmatic subjects, the monoclonal or oligoclonal expansion of γδ T lymphocytes was predominant in BALF, especially Vδ 1 T lymphocytes. Conclusions Antigenic specific γδ T cells might play important roles in the inducement and maintenance of airway inflammation