神经电刺激治疗对大鼠中脑损伤后意识障碍的影响

Influence of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation therapy on rat consciousness disturbance caused by midbrain damage

目的 建立大鼠意识障碍模型 ,研究神经电刺激对意识障碍的治疗作用。方法 通过立体定向电解毁损大鼠中脑网状结构的方法造成意识障碍的实验模型 ,然后采用脉冲电经皮肤分别行正中神经刺激 (MNS)和“人中”穴刺激 (RZAS) ,并观察大鼠脑组织病理、脑电图 (EEG )和意识状态的变化。结果 毁损大鼠中脑的被盖部后 ,大鼠行为、脑电变化与临床昏迷状态相似。经神经电刺激后 ,意识障碍的大鼠表现出短暂的行为觉醒反应和EEG觉醒反应 ,MNS以对侧的EEG觉醒反应更明显 ,而RZAS则表现双侧的EEG觉醒反应 ,对同一只动物产生激醒作用 ,RZAS所需要的电压值较MNS为小。结论 毁损大鼠中脑的被盖部可以造成大鼠的意识障碍模型 ,MNS或RZAS对大鼠中脑损伤后昏迷具有促醒作用。MNS治疗时应刺激双侧的正中神经 。

Objective To make the model of consciousness disturbance in rats, and study the therapeutic effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on this model. Methods A coma model was made by stereotaxical electrolytic lesion of midbrain reticular formation in rats, which then was treated by transcutaneous electrical median nerve stimulation(MNS) and “ren zhong” acupoint stimulation(RZAS) individually. Histopathological changes, electroencephalographic(EEG) activities and conscious status in rats were investigated. Results The experiments showed that the behavior and EEG activities in rats with destroyed midbrain tegmentum were similar to those of comatose patients. After stimulation with MNS or RZAS, the comatose rats could show a transient behavioral arousal and EEG arousal. The contralateral EEG arousal changes were more obvious when one side median nerve was stimulated, but the EEG arousal changes were bilateral with RZAS. For producing the similar arousal in the same rat, the stimulation intensity with RZAS was smaller than with MNS. Conclusion A coma model could be established in rats through destroying the midbrain tegmentum. Beneficial effects of MNS and RZAS on the recovery of coma caused by midbrain injury were observed. The bilateral median nerve stimulation should be applied in the case of treatment with MNS. The effects of RZAS may be better than that of MNS.