女性乳房神经分布解剖研究

AN ANATOMICAL STUDY OF THE NERVE SUPPLY OF THE FEMALE BREAST

目的 :研究乳房的神经来源、走向及分布 ,为乳房整形美容手术提供依据。 方法 :对 7具尸体 13例乳房进行大体与显微解剖 ,并对乳头乳晕区神经分布进行组织学研究。 结果 :第 2～ 6肋间神经的外侧皮支与前皮支都到达并支配乳房 ,未发现锁骨上神经分支到达乳房。肋间神经皮支分深、浅两支进入乳房 ,走向呈“立体发散”模式到达乳房腺体及皮肤。乳头和乳晕区的神经主要来自于第 3～ 5肋间神经的外侧皮支与前皮支 ,以第 4肋间神经占主导地位 ,有少量神经伴随乳腺导管走行到达乳头。 结论 :乳房。

Objective:To investigate the origin,course and distribution of the nerves to the female breast. Methods:We dissect 13 specimens of 7 female cadavers,use magnification and tissue histology. Results:The breast received its innervation from the lateral and anterior cutaneous branches of the second to the sixth intercostal nerves.No supraclavicular nerve arrives to the breast,The cutaneous branches of the intercostal nerves pass through the superficial fascia and lie on the surface of gland in a tissue pland and “three-dimensional”distribute to the gland and skin.The nipple-areola complex is consistently supplied by the anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the fourth intercostal nerve,which additional innervation by cutaneous branches of both the anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of the intercostal nerves.And there are a few nerves passing through the thickness of the breast tissue and running alongside the lactiferous ducts to supply the nipple. Conclusion:The breast and nipple-areola complex have a rich nerve supply.The nerves have variety. [