苜蓿假盘菌及其生物学特性研究

Studies on Pseudopeziza medicaginis and its biological characteristics

研究了苜蓿假盘菌及其生物学特性 ,用常规方法分离培养苜蓿假盘菌较困难 ,试验应用离心稀释分离法获得纯菌株。培养基为V - 8碳酸钙琼脂培养基 ,适宜子囊孢子萌发和菌落生长的pH为 3～ 8和 4～ 6 (最适为 5 )。在人工培养基上病菌生长缓慢 ,生长 40d的菌落直径只有 2 5～ 3 5mm ,在培养基上经过 2 0d后才能形成成熟的子囊盘。苜蓿假盘菌子囊孢子萌发温度为 6～ 2 5℃ ,最适温度为 15～ 2 0℃。芽管生长温度为 10～ 30℃ ,最适温度为2 0℃。不同菌株间致病力存在显著差异 (P <0 0 5 )。

Pseudopeziza medicaginis and its biology were studied experimentally. The fungus was difficult to be isolated with ordinary methods, but it was successfully done by the procedure developed in this study. The fungus grew best on V-8 agar medium. The pH suitable for P. medicaginis germination and culture development were 3-8 and 4-6, respectively, and the optimum pH was 5. It grew slowly on artificial media, with a culture diameter only 2.5-3.5 mm after 40 days and a mature apothecia after 20 days. The suitable temperature range for ascospore germination was 6-25℃,with 15-20℃ being the optimun, and that for germtube growth was 10-30℃, with the optimum 20℃. There were significant differences (P<0 05) in pathogenicity among various strains.