氯乙烯作业工人恶性肿瘤流行病学调查研究

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY OF MALIGNANT TUMOUR AMONG VINYL CHLORIDE WORKERS

目的为了解氯乙烯作业工人恶性肿瘤发病情况。方法采用回顾前瞻性观察法，对９２１名氯乙烯作业工人进行了４０年死因流行病学调查。结果男性接触组肝癌死亡率明显高于对照组，ＲＲ为２．１６（Ｐ＜０．０５）；接触组恶性肿瘤、肝癌的死亡率也显著高于１９９４年全国城市居民恶性肿瘤的死亡率及１９９５年全国城市居民肝癌的死亡水平，ＳＭＲ分别为１．８、２．９（Ｐ＜０．０５）。在恶性肿瘤分类构成中，接触组肝癌居首位。结论氯乙烯作业工人肝癌高发具有职业性特征。

Objective In order to study the incidence of malignant tumour among vinyl chloride workers. Methods A cohort study was performed on the death causes of 921 vinyl chloride workers for a period of 40 years. Results it showed that the mortality rate of liver cancer in male demonstrated excess amount of exposure as compared with control group, the RR were 2.16(P<0.05). The mortalities of malignant tumour and liver cancer in male and female group were demonstrated excess as compared with the population of the same region. The SMR from malignant tumour and liver cancer were 1.8 and 2.9(all P<0.05) respectively, In the percentage of malignant tumour, the first was liver cancer. Conclusion The excess of liver cancer among the vinyl chloride workers might have their occupational characteristics.