胫骨应用解剖与胫骨型髓内分叉钉设计

Applied Anatomy of Tibia and Design of Tibial Intramdulluary Tridentate nail

目的 :通过胫骨应用解剖测量 ,为胫骨型髓内分叉钉 (TITN )设计提供解剖依据。方法 :采用成人湿胫骨 30及干燥胫骨 2 0根 ,进行胫骨相关解剖测量 ;用 10套 TITN固定胫骨干骨折 ,摄正侧位 X片 ,观察骨折复位及内固定情况。结果 :胫骨下松质区长度 8.12 cm,胫骨下端宽 4.18cm,胫骨下端矢状径 3.6 5 cm,胫骨结节上缘距上关节面距离2 .0 8cm ,胫骨髓腔最狭部矢状径为 1.2 5 cm ,胫骨结节上方骨斜面倾斜角度为 2 1.0°;TITN固定胫骨骨折 ,操作简便 ,骨折解剖复位 ,其远端分叉状结构与胫骨下端漏斗状髓腔良好相容。结论 :TITN设计符合并充分利用胫骨解剖特点 。

Objective:To provide anatomical basis of tibial intramedullary tridentate nail(TITN) by applied anatomy of tibia.Methods:Taking thirty wet and twenty dry adults tibias,the related anatomy measurement of tibiae was made.The fractures of tibiae shafts were fixed by ten TITNs.They were taken radiographs,and reduction and fixation of tibial shafts were studied.Result:The length of low substantia spongiosed region of tidiae was 8.12cm. The width of low part of tibiae was 4.18cm.The length of sagittal axis of low part of tibiae was 3.65cm.The lenth of the top of tibial tuberosity to the surface of the knee joint was 2.08cm.The lest length of sagittal axis of tibial marrow cavities was 1.25cm.The angle of the oblique plane of tibial tuberosity was 21.0°.Fixation of fractures of tibial shafts was simple.Anatomical reduction of fractures was obtained.The tridentate structure of the TITN fit well the funnel-like medullary of the distal part of tibia.Conclusion:TITN was suitable to the special anatomical structure of tibia,and could be used to the fractures of til al shafts.