桃花芽越冬过程中多糖积累和质壁分离动态与品种抗寒性的关系

THE POLYSACCHRIDE ACCUMULATION AND THE CHANGES OF PLASMOLYSIS OF PEACH FLOWER BUDS DURING THE OVERWINTERING PERIOD, AND THEIR RELATIONS TO COLD HARDINESS

应用细胞化学方法对花芽抗寒性不同的两个桃品种在越冬过程中多糖积累和质壁分离动态与抗寒性的关系进行了观察研究。结果表明,花芽抗寒性弱的品种五月鲜多糖积累早(9月下旬),水解晚(1月中旬),水解不彻底;抗寒性强的品种大久保多糖积累晚(11月中旬),开始水解早(12月下旬),严冬时水解彻底。大久保的花芽细胞质壁分离开始早(10月下旬),恢复晚(3月中旬),仲冬时原生质体孤立程度强烈,维持了比较稳定的抗寒力;五月鲜花芽细胞质壁分离开始晚(11月下旬),恢复早(2月中旬),易受变温的危害,因此抗寒性下降。

In this work, we compared the starch accumulation and the changes of plasmolysis of peach flower buds of two cultivars differing in cold hardiness with cytochemical methods. The hardy cultivar is Da-jiu-bao, non-hardy one is Wu-yue-xian.The starch content in the cells of flower buds increased as the temperature fell in the autumn, the starch grains gradually disintegrated when the temperature dropped further. In the severe winter, the starch content was the least. They were regenerated by mid-February. In the peach flower buds of hardy variety Da-jiu-bao, the starch grains synthesized later, disappeared earlier and more completely, than non-hardy variety Wu-yue-xian. In late autumn, plasmolysis gradually appeared in the cells of peach flower buds. The protoplast isolation oceured in November, and disappeared with the return of warmed weather. In the hardy varietyDa-jiu-bao, the plasmolysis appeared earlier, then protoplast isolation was severer, and the cells recovered from plasmolysis is later during the erly spring, the situation of Wu-yue-xian was just the opposite. The results suggested that the polysaechride accumulation and plasmolysis is closely correlated with peach flower buds hardiness.