苹果×梨属间杂交新品种‘甘金’的选育

BREEDING OF APPLE PEAR GENERIC HYBRID VARIETY'GANJIN'

甘金系元帅苹果(Malus pumila cv.Delicious)为母本,苹果梨(pyrus prifoliacv. Pingguoli)作父本杂交选育而成。通过花器官和果实心室变异性状、过氧化物酶同工酶和花药孢粉扫描电镜观察检查,证明系元帅苹果与苹果梨的属间杂种。甘金树势强健、腋花芽结果、丰产优质,花芽越冬性强,抗寒,适应性强。果实平均重200g,果肉绿黄色,果心小,肉质脆嫩味香甜,品质极上,可溶性固形物15%。在窑洞通风窖中可贮藏到次年3月,不绵、不沙、不皱皮。以垂丝海棠(Malus halliana)作砧木,耐旱性强,是河西走廊广大地区适宜栽培的苹果品种。

The generic hybrid variety 'Ganjin' originated from a cross of Red Delicious (Malus pumila Mill.) and Pingguoli (Pyrus pyrifolia NaKai), crossedin 1974.The original tree began to fruit in 1981. Through 5 years observation and identification of its variances in flower organ, fruit carpels, peroxidase enzyme and the scanning of the pollen morphology,its generic characters were fully identified. The tree of Ganjin is vigorous, high cropping, cropped well by axillary fruit buds. The flower buds are hardy. The average fruit weight is 200g, flesh green-yellow color, tender, crisp, juicy, very sweet, soluble solid content 15%, best eating quality. The fruit can be stored in ordinary cellar to May without change in flesh crispness and shrinkage.