多核草履虫(Paramecium Polycaryum)的接合型、接合型遗传和接合生殖的研究

STUDIES ON THE MATING TYPES MATLNG TYPE'S INHERITANCE AND THE NUCLEAR BEHAVIOV DURING CONJUGATION IN PARAMECIUM POLYCARYUM

在哈尔滨马家沟采集和建立了45个,多核草履虫的原培养。两两原培养相混,只发现二个互补接合型。可认为它们是中国的繁殖群1中的两个互补接合型Ⅰ和Ⅱ。利用接合后建立大核系并混合每两个不同的大核系证明多核草履虫接合型遗传是克隆遗传而不是大核系遗传。多核草履虫的未成熟期为15次细胞分裂。细胞分裂45次达到完全成熟。已发现接合期间有迁移原核的相互交换。这篇文章中给出了迁移原核相互交换的不同模式的照片。还证明在大核胚基发育过程中,有一特殊的形态发育时期。从总的研究结果看,多核草履虫哈尔滨品系与 Hayashi 和 Takayanagi 在1962年报告的日本品系更为相似而不同于 Diller1954年和1958年报告的美国品系和印度品系。

On mixing each two of the 45 stocks of paramecium polycaryum collected from a ditch in Harbin,only two complementary mating types were found to disperse among them.They may be regarded as mating types Ⅰ and Ⅱ in the Chinese syngen 1 of this species.By means of daily isolation and mixing each two different caryonides,it was found that the mating type's inherita- nce is clonal other than caryonidat and that the unmature period after conj- ugation is only restricted within 15 cell fissions and full maturation may realize after 45 fissions.During conjugation the interchange of migratory pronuclei has been detected.The pictures of different interchanging mode have been displayed in the present paper.A special morphological developme- nt stage in the.macronuclear anlagen has also been demonstrated.From the whole study,paramecium polycaryum Harbin strain is more similar to Japan- ese strain reported by Hayashi and Takayangagi in 1962 rather than Amer- ican or Indian strains reported 1by Diller in 1954 and 1958.