一所山区学校流行性腮腺炎暴发调查和应急接种效果评价

Investigation on a Mumps Outbreak and Evaluation on Emergent Vaccination Effect at a School of a Mountain Village

[目的 ]调查疫情 ,控制暴发 ,评价应急接种效果。 [方法 ]开展暴发调查 ,核实诊断 ;对全校无流行性腮腺炎(流腮 )病史的学生应急接种流腮疫苗 ,并测定抗体效价。 [结果 ]疫情持续约 4个月 ,罹患率全校学生为 2 7 47% ,寄宿生高于走读生 (P <0 0 1) ;检测病人 2 3例 ,抗体滴度≥ 1∶6 4的占 6 5 2 2 % ;应急接种后 ,接种者的抗体阳转率和GMRT分别为 48 5 7% (17/35 )和 2 8,抗体滴度≥ 1∶6 4者占 11 76 % ;应急接种后 17d暴发终止。 [结论 ]这是一起由于传染源输入、延误防制措施、居住拥挤和密切接触引起的山区学校流腮暴发 。

Objective]To survey epidemic situation,control outbreak and evaluate emergent vaccination effect [Methods]Outbreak survey and verified diagnosis were carried out All students without mumps history were emergently inoculated with mumps vaccine Mumps antibody was measured by haemagglutination inhibition test [Results]Epidemic situation lasted about four months The attack rate of mumps in all students was 27 47% The rate in the resident students was significantly higher than that in the non resident students(P<0 01) Sera from 23 patients were detected The percentage of HI antibody titers≥1∶64 was 65 22% HI antibody positive seroconversion rate and GMRT of the vaccinees after emergent vaccination were 48 57%(17/35) and 2 8 respectively Proportion of HI antibody titer ≥1∶64 accounted for 11 76% The outbreak was stopped within 17 days after emergent immunization [Conclusions]This mumps outbreak at a school of a mountain village is due to import of infection source,delay of control measure, crowded living condition and close contact The emergent vaccination with mumps vaccine is efficient