艾滋病与儿科疾病(附182例报告)

AIDS and pediatric diseases

目的 :探讨艾滋病与儿科疾病的发病关系及发病规律 ,以便指导诊断与治疗。方法 :对中非某地区 182例小儿艾滋病及其合并症的诊治过程 ,进行了回顾性分析。 结果 :小儿艾滋病合并症的最高年龄段为 6个月～ 4岁 ,合并呼吸系统疾病 15 6例 ,贫血 71例 ,腹泻、营养不良 6 6例。合并 2种以上疾病者 118例。临床治愈率为 89.6 % ,病死率为 10 .4% ,复发率为 5 9.4%。结论 :小儿艾滋病以母婴传播为主 ,常合并多种疾病 ,尤以肺炎、结核、贫血及腹泻为多发。早期诊断且给予合理的综合治疗 ,疗效尚好 ,但易复发 ,复发与病死率有关。

Objective: Study the pathogenesis of pediatric diseases in children with AIDS in Africa to guide diagnosis and treatment. Method: Diagnosis and treatment of AIDS and its accompanied diseases in 182 children were analysed retrospectively. Results: From 6 months to 4 years was the age with highest disease occurrence rate. In this group, 156 cases accompanied with respiratory diseases, 71 cases with anaemia, 66 cases with diarrhea and malnutrition, and 118 cases with two or more diseases. The clinical recovery rate, fatality rate and reccurence rate were 89.6%, 10.4% and 59.4% respectively. Conclusion: Vertical infection is the main prevalent way of AIDS and often accompained by other diseases such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, anaemia and diarrhea are especially common in children. Though patient diagnosed in early stage and treated with adequate combined therapy, considerable effect may be acquired in most patients, however, reccurance is frequent. Reccurance rate is related positively to fatality rate.