中国成年人肥胖的流行特点研究:超重和肥胖的现患率调查

A study on the epidemiological characteristics of obesity in Chinese Adults

目的 阐明中国肥胖的流行状况 ,为国家卫生决策和肥胖防治提供科学依据。方法 利用全国糖尿病流行病学调查资料 ,采用WHO诊断标准 ,对中国 11省 (市 )居住 5年及 5年以上的社区人群进行超重和肥胖的流行特点分析。研究对象包括 2 0～ 74岁居民共 42 75 1人。结果 11省 (市 )总的超重现患率为 2 1.5 1% ,肥胖现患率为 2 .92 % ,经 1990年全国人口标化 ,11省 (市 )超重的现患率为 18.2 8% ,肥胖的现患率为 2 .48% ;经 1992年世界人口标化 ,超重现患率为 18.6 1% ,肥胖现患率为 2 .49% ;女性的超重现患率和肥胖现患率 (2 1.71%和 3.73% )显著高于男性 (2 1.2 5 %和2 .11% ) ;男性和女性的肥胖现患率随着年龄增加而上升 ;在 11省 (市 )中 ,超重和肥胖的现患率男性是北京最高 ,女性是山东最高 ;肥胖的现患率呈现出北方高于南方 ,城市高于农村的流行特点。结论 中国的超重和肥胖患病形势严峻 ,超重和肥胖患病开始低龄化 ,男性肥胖患病的增长速度有可能超过女性。因此 。

Objective To elucidate the epidemiological characteristics of obesity in Chinese adults and to provide scientific basis for public health policy making, as well as for prevention and control of obesity among Chinese. Methods Using the data from diabetes mellitus, epidemiological studies carried out in 11 provinces/autonomous regions/municipalities of China from July 1995 to June 1997, including 42 751 subjects aged 20 74 years who had lived in the communities for no less than 5 years. Diagnostic criteria was based on the recommendation from WHO. Epidemiological characteristics of overweight and obesity were analysed. Results The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity among Chinese adults were 21.51 % and 2.92 % respectively. The age standardized prevalence rates of overweight and obesity standardized by Chinese population aged 20 74 years were 18.28 % and 2.48 % respectively in 1990, when standardized by the standard population of world in 1992, the prevalence rates were 18.61 % and 2.49 % respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in female ( 21.71 % and 3.73 % respectively ) were significantly higher in male ( 21.25 % and 2.11 % respectively), the prevalence rates of obesity in male and in female increased with the increase of age, with the lowest prevalence in 20 year old group ( 1.23 % and 0.96 % respectively ), the highest were 60 year old group ( 3.30 % and 6.91 % respectively). Among 11 provinces, the highest prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were in Beijing ( 34.75 % and 5.14 % respectively)of males, and in Shandong ( 34.56 % and 9.36 % respectively ) of females. The prevalence rates of obesity were significantly higher in northern part of the country ( 2.64 % in males and 4.85 % in females) then in the south ( 1.36 % in males and 2.15 % in females), as well as significantly higher in urban ( 2.65 % in male and 4.21 % in female) than in rural ( 0.88 % in male and 2.80 % in female). Conclusion Overweight and obesity had become prevalent in Chinese adults, more seen in the north than in the south, more in females than in males, and in older age than in younger, suggesting an earlier research and practice of prevention and control for overweight and obesity need to be implemented in China.