白术挥发性成分的超临界流体萃取及其分析

Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Essential Oil from Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae

采用超临界流体萃取白术挥发油成分 ,对萃取条件进行优化 ,并用气相色谱、气相色谱 -质谱分析鉴定出超临界流体萃取的挥发油中22个化合物。最佳的超临界流体萃取条件为压力22.0MPa ,温度60℃ ,0.5mL乙醇作改性剂 ,先静态萃取10min(CO2 用量2.0mL),再动态萃取40min(CO2 流速为0.3mL/min)。将超临界流体萃取与水蒸气蒸馏进行对比 ,水蒸气蒸馏5h的油收率仅为超临界流体萃取1h油收率的10.32 % ,证明超临界流体萃取替代传统萃取的必要性。

Supercritical fluid extraction(SFE)technique was applied to extract essential oil from the Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae. The optimal conditions for essential oil extraction are as follows: pressure —22.0 MPa; temperature — 60 ℃; modifier — 0.5 mL ethanol; equilibrium time —10 min; volume of CO2 for the equilibrium stage — 2.0 mL; extraction time — 40 min; flow rate of CO2 for the dynamic stage — 0.3 mL/min. With the aid of GC-MS, 22 compounds were identified in the extract. SFE technique, as compared to the traditional steam distillation, has higher efficiency. The recovery rate of essential oil by steam distillation in 5 h is only 10.32% of that by SFE in 1 h.