专项训练、运动能力与血激素水平的关系

RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN HORMONES IN SERUM AND SPECIAL TRAINING, EXERCISE CAPACITIES IN HUMAN

本研究对184名不同项目、不同水平运动员冬训前血睾酮水平进行了调查,并对部分运动员进行了追踪观察;此外,还观察了运动对普通人与竞走运动员血激素的影响。结果表明:(1)不同专项运动员血睾酮值不尽相同,高水平运动员睾酮值亦较高;训练可提高睾酮水平。(2)运动可引起血中睾酮,皮质醇,黄体生成素,卵泡刺激素变化;长时间(一小时半)跑台运动后可出现低睾酮;运动能力测试引起的血睾酮变化与运动能力存在相关。

The present study aims at the variations of serum hormones due to training and exercise,including testosterone(T), cortisol(C), luteinizing hormone(LH), and follicle-stimulatinghormone (FSH). 184 sportsmen and sportswomen from national and provincial teams wereinvestigated before the training period in winter(TPW), and some of them were followedthrough the training period. In addition, hormones in normal men and walkers were measuredthrough exercise tests. The results showed that: 1. The mean levels of serum testosterone inathletes of different events' were variable, which may be increased by training. Excellentathletes had higher T levels. 2. Serum T and LH in normal men rose during 1.5-hour bicycleexercise at 75% maximum heart rate. The feedback regulation of pituitary-testicular axis isnormal although serum T levels were lower than the initial levels for more than 30 hoursafter exercise. 3. Serum T and C rose but LH was uncertain in walkers after 10-minutesubmaximum walking. 4. There are relationships between serum T variations due to exercise(10-minute submaximun walking or 30-minute bicycling in 75% maximun heart rate) andthe exercise capacity.