吸水性复合材料的制备及其吸水性能的研究

Preparation of Water Absorbing Composite and Study of Its Absorbing Performance

高分子吸水材料的合成与应用,在最近几年得到迅速的发展。本文研究的是以丙烯酸、丙烯酸钠和丙烯酰胺为原料,用较简单的工艺制备高吸水能力的复合材料。这种材料所吸水分可达其自身重量的数百倍,具有如此高的吸水能力,是由于分子链上的亲水基因与水结合时,分子链扩张所致。这一扩张与交联度、水溶液的pH值和KCl浓度密切相关。文中考察了这些因素的变化对其吸水性的影响。本吸水材料的生产并不产生“三废”,适当添加骨料还可降低生产成本。

In recent years, there has been growing synthesis and applicationof super absorbing materials. This paper deals with the syn-thesis of a water absorbing material with sodium acrylate, acrylicacid and acrylamide by means of a simple technological process.This material can absorb water over hundreds times as muchas its own weight. Such a great absorbing capacity is due tothe expansion of polymer chain binding with water. which isclosely related to crosslinking degree, pH value and KCl concen-tration. The effects of these factors on the absorbing capacity ofthe material are fully studied in the paper. Besides, there is nopollution in the process of production, and the cost of productionmay be reduced by adding proper amount of stuffing material.