雄性不育和可育大葱花粉细胞形态学比较研究

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON POLLEN CYTOMORPHOLOGY OF MALE STERILE AND MALE FERTILE WELSH ONION

本研究用压片法对雄性不育和可育大葱小孢子发生和雄配子体发育进行了详细的细胞学观察,并用电镜扫描观察了雄性不育和可育大葱的花粉粒形态。结果表明:雄性不育和可育大葱的小孢子发生是基本一致的,两者均存在低频率的异常减数分裂行为。雄性可育大葱单核花粉经有丝分裂产生成熟的二细胞花粉,其花粉可育率为96.84%。雄性不育大葱小孢子在单核中期前是正常发育的,其败育始于单核中期,到单核末期有94.85%的花粉败育,其它5.15%的花粉败育于早期二细胞花粉。扫描电镜下的雄性不育和可育花粉粒形态特征有明显差异。

The microsporogenesis and male gametophyte development in male sterile and male fertile lines of A. fistulosum var. giganteum Makino were observed cytologically by the squash method, and the pollen morphological characters were by electron microscope scanning. The microsporogenesis of male sterile welsh onion was similar to that of male fertile one. Both of them had some abnormal meiotic behaviors. The monokaryotic pollen of the male fertile line advanced to the mature 2-nucleated stage through mitosis, having 94.85% of fertile pollens fertile rate of pollens was 96.84%. The microspore of the male sterile line began to degenerate from the monokaryotic metaphase up to telophase. The sterile rate of pollens at telophase was already 94.85%, and the other 5.15% of monokaryotic pollens aborted at the early 2-nucleated stage. There were significant morphological differences between that male sterile pollen and the male fertile one.