品种及采收期对猕猴桃果实冷藏效果和品质的影响

EFFECT OF VARIETIES AND HARVEST TIME ON COLD STORAGE RESULT OF ACTINIDIA CHINENSIS FRUIT

本文通过对我省常见猕猴桃品种和不同采期的果实耐贮性及品质的研究发现:不同品种的果实耐贮性和品质相差很大,海沃德最耐贮,但Vc和风味最差,可做长期贮藏;二短和重阳很耐贮,Vc和风味较海沃德好,是值得推广的长期贮藏品种,尤其是二短;黄草Vc含量最高,风味最好,适于鲜食;北京26硬度高,Vc含量高,可做中期贮藏。同一品种不同采期果实的耐贮性不同;耐贮性愈差的品种,其各采期间耐贮性差异愈大;果实成熟时,可溶固形物急剧上升期是果实耐贮藏的最佳采期。

The investigation discovered great differences in storage endurance and quality of fruit among varieties harvested at different time. Hayward had the highest storage endurance and could be a long-term stored variety. But its content of Vc was lowest, and flavour worst. The varieties Erduan and Chongyang could strongly tolerate storage and had greater Vc content and better flavour than Hayward, thus could be popularized as long-term store d varieties with better qualities. Huangcao was best in flavour and highest in Vc content, and could be grown as table fruit. Beijing26 gave midium expression in the tests above and could be a short or mid-term stored variety. The differences in effects of cold storage could be reduced by harvest time for all varieties, shown by corerlation of lower storage tolerance with greater difference in the effect of cold storage. This suggested that the storage toterance of A. chinensis fruit could be increased greatly when harvested at suitable time. The content of soluble solids in fruit increased with ripening. The fruit harvested at the rapidly increasing stage of soluble solids showed the highest storage tolerance.