不同城市正常人血铅、镉水平及其影响因素

A STUDY OF BLOOD LEAD,CADMIUM LEVELS AMONG THE GENERAL POPULATIONS IN DIFFERENT CITIES

在严格控制分析质量的措施下,测定了沈阳、合肥、锦西三市534名无铅、镉接触史健康工人血铅、镉水平。并讨论了吸烟习惯、地理位置、年龄和性别与血铅、镉的关系。测定结果,沈阳、合肥、锦西三市血铅几何均值分别为129.7μg/L、115.7μg/L、98.8μg/L,血镉几何均值分别为1.30μg/L、1.20μg/L、1.40μg/L。结果表明,血铅水平存在地区性差异(P<0.01)。吸烟者血铅、镉水平明显高于非吸烟者(P<0.01)。

Five hundred and thirty four blood samples were collected for lead,cadmium analysis from health factory workers(with no known occupational exposure to metals,including lead,cadmium)in the cities of Hefei,Shenyang and Jinxi.The analyses were done in a single laboratory using automated flameless atomic absorption spectrcphotometry under strict quality control.The levels of blood lead,cadmium(Pb,Cd-B)in the three cities were 115.7μg/L,1.20μg/L in Hefei;127.9μg/L,1.30μg/L in Shenyang;and 98.8μg/L,1.40μg/L in Jinxi,respectively(using geometric means).The relationship between smoking habit and city of residence with Pb,Cd blood levels are discussed.The Pb,Cd-B values were significantly higher in smokers than in non-smokers(P<0.01).Additionally,analysis of variance showed that there was a significant increase(P<0.05,P<0.01)in Pb,Cd-B as a function of the increasing number of each of cigarrettes consumed per day for the entire age groups of each of the three cities.There was a significant of Pb-B between three cities,suggesting the Pb-B has a regional difference.The difference in Cd-B between cities were insignificantly(P>0.10).