圆尾斗鱼的繁殖、生长和对蚊幼虫的摄食量

REPRODUCTION AND GROWTH OF MACROPODUS CHIN EN -SIS AND ITS PREDACITY ON MOSQUITO LARVAE

圆尾斗鱼Macropodus chinensis(Bloch)是鲈形目攀鲈科中的一种小型淡水鱼,主要分布于我国长江流域和黄河流域的湖沼、沟渠等静止水体中。它可大量摄食蚊幼虫,从而达到有效地控制蚊幼虫的孳生,防治以蚊为中间寄主的传染疾病的目的。由于这种鱼可行气呼吸,在环境接近干涸情况下,也能生存。本研究的目的在于进一步掌握圆尾斗的生物学特性,并说明它在消灭以蚊为传播媒介的疾病方面的作用。

One of the Chinese labyrinth fishes Macro podus chinensis, lurks among weeds in ditches,, rice fields, channels and ponds It preys massively on mosquito larvae, which render it an effective pest control agent. A single one-year-old female weighing 1.8 to 2.0 g might take up 96.2, 141.6 and even 247.0 larvae of Culex spp. a day at water temperatures 20.3, 22.2 and 25.7℃ respectively. The females took up 72% m ore mosquito larvae than the males under the same conditions.Macropodus chinensis is typically a fractional spawner. During the spawning season, May to September, about 10 batches of eggs were casted, with an intervals of 8-10 days between batches. The number of eggs would be doubled for the two-years-old individuals. The female of 110-days-old might cast their first batches of about 400 eggs in the autumn of the current year.The newly hatched fry of the successive batches attained 31.1-38.7 mm in body length and 0.77-1.66g in body weight after being reared 137-181 days in the aquaria. The linear growth was slight faster than the growth of the body weight; afterwards, they were obviously reciprocal.