印度洋和北太平洋海温与夏季西太平洋副热带高压长期变动的关系

LONG-RANGE VARIATION RELATIONS BETWEEN SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE OVER THE NORTH PACIFIC AND INDIAN OCEANS AND THE WEST PACIFIC SUBTROPICAL HIGH IN SUMMER

本文通过对印度洋、北太平洋海表温度与夏季西太平洋副高特征量进行相关分析来研究两大洋海温与西太平洋副高长期变动的关系。分析得出,海温和夏季西太平洋副高的强度关系十分密切。空间上表现为相关敏感区位于洋流区和季风流区;时间上海温变化超前于副高,且两大洋超前的时间有差异。海温与副高位置变动的关系在两大洋亦有不同。北太平洋海温与副高南北位置变动有较好相关,相关区主要分布在洋流区,而印度洋没有明显相关。对副高东西位置变动,印度洋海温的作用强于北太平洋海温,相关区主要都分布在冷暖海流交汇处附近。两大洋与副高长期变动的相关敏感区的起迄时间大体上与大洋上空大气环流的转换期相对应。

The long-range variation relations between the West-Pacific subtropical high and the sea surface temperature(SST) over the North Pacific and Indian Oceans are investigated through the analysis of correlation of SST over the two oceans with characteristic indices of the West-Pacific sub-tropical high in summer.It is found that there is a closest relationship between SST and the intensity of subtropical high.In space,the remarkable area of correlation is the area of ocean current and monsoon sea current. In time, the variation of SST is ahead of that of subtropical high and there is a little difference between the two oceans.The relationship of SST with the spatial variation of subtropical high is also different in the two oceans.There is a better correlation between SST over the North Pacific and south-north space variation of subtropical high, and the correlation is mainly distributed in the area of ocean current,but no remarkable correlation is found in the Indian Ocean. In the variation of west-east position of subtropical high, the Indian Ocean SST has a stronger effect than the North Pacific SST, with correlation area mainly distributed in the neighbouring of the confluentce of warm and cold currents. The emergence and disappearance time of remarkable correlation area in the two oceans correspond respectively to the turning period of monsoon circulation over the Indian Ocean and atmosphereic circulation over the pacific.