外源 DNA 处理小麦种苗和颖花及其诱导变异的研究初报

Preliminary Report on the Effects of Exogenous DNA Treatment on Seeds and Seedling and Florals of Wheat and Induced Varia(?)ion

采用外源DNA 导入技术,研究了DNA 种苗浸渍对小麦种子发茅的影响,颖花滴注对结实率的影响以及外源DNA 导入受体诱导变异的效果。结果表明,外源DNA 浸种对发芽生根有不良的影响。浸种时DNA 稀释液的浓度不应大于0.1×ssc。DNA 液颖花滴注可获得较高的结实率。外源DNA 导入受体后产生了具有目的性状的变异(如粒色、芒长、不育性等)和非供体性状的变异(如株带蜡质、抽穗迟等)。而且大麦DNA 导入小麦后,成功地获得了高抗白粉病变异株。

In the experiment,the effect of soaked seeds and seedlings on ger-mination,injected spikelets on fruiting percentage and the efficiency of intr-oduction of foreign DNA were studied by using exogenous DNA in wheat.Theresults showed that DNA solution had adverse effects on seed germinationand its bud and root elongation.The concentration of the solution dilutingDNA should be no more than 0.1×SSC in order to raise survival rate of see-dling.High fruiting percentage was obtained when DNA was injected on stig-mata and within flower glumes of wheat.The recipient plants treated by theexogenous DNA in florets turned to have many kinds of mutants which carri-ed the target traits(e.g.grain colour,awn length,sterility,etc.)and thenon—donor traits(e.g.waxy plant,late heading,etc.).In addition,resista-nt variants were achieved after introducing barley DNA into wheat varietysusceptible to powdery mildew.