论电子和空间效应对有机物性质和反应的影响

On Electronic and Steric Effects and Their Influences on Property and Reaction Activity of Organic Compounds and Intermediates

对有机物分子或中间体内原子或基团间的电子效应 ,即诱导效应、共轭效应、超共轭效应 ,以及空间效应进行了研究和分析 ,重点探讨了上述效应对有机物或中间体稳定性 ,以及对亲电、亲核和自由基等类型反应取向的影响 ,结果表明 :电子效应对有机物或中间体稳定性及反应活性有较重要的影响 ,空间效应亦有重要的影响 ,有时甚至是主要的影响因素 .

Organic compounds' structure determines its property, reaction activity and regioselective and so on. This paper explains electronic effects between atoms groups in organic molecules and intermediates such as, inductive effects, conjugative effects and hyperconjugation, and also expounded steric effects. Influences of the above-mentioned effects on stability of organic compounds and intermediates, eletrophilic, nucleophilic and free radicals reaction activity and regioselective and so on are analysed and studied. Results show that electric effects play the most important role in stability, basic property, reaction activity and regioselective of organic compound and intermediate, and steric effects also have much important influence, and it may be sorne time primal.