水蒸气保护下电弧堆焊工艺特点

Characteristics of bead weld process with steam shielded arc

通过分析不同焊接规范下的焊接电压和电流的波形 .研究了水蒸气保护下电弧及熔滴过渡的特点 ,发现其电弧过程行为有“燃弧—熄弧—短路”和“燃弧—短路”两种形式 .在焊丝直径和送丝速度一定的情况下 ,通过调节焊接回路中的电感量和电源电压 ,可以改变电弧的过程行为形式 .若电弧过程呈“燃弧—熄弧—短路”交替进行 ,并且熄弧时间最短时 ,短路过渡频率最高 ,在这种情况下 ,飞溅小 ,焊道成型好 ,焊接过程稳定 .

Transitional feature of the arc and metal droplet in the welding process with steam shielded arc is investigated by means of analysing the waveforms of welding voltage and current under different welding regimes and it is found that there are two types of arc process behavor—'arc starting-arc blowing out-short-circuiting' and 'arc-starting-short-circuiting'. Under the condition of constant diameter of welding wire and its feeding speed, the arc process behavor can be changed by adjusting the inductance of welding circuit as well as the voltage of power supply. If arc process behaves as alternative process of 'arc starting-arc blowing out-short-circuiting' with minimum time duration of arc blowing out and maximum frequency of short-circuit transition, the welding process will be stable with less spatter and smooth weld bead.