重庆市大众运输系统的发展与管理

Development and Management of the Mass Transport in Chongqing

重庆是中国西南最大的城市,公共汽、电车是城市居民出行的主要交通方式,公共交通系统的年平均日客运量为247万人次,近年来,年客运量以4.25％的比例持续增长,加之城市机动车辆的迅速增多,使得本来就狭窄的城市道路更加拥挤,由于受到地理因素的制约,市区不可能大量兴建道路网来发展城市运输,为应付不断增长的运输需求,城市政府正在规划发展新的大众运输系统。 新的大众运输系统(如轨道交通系统)需要大量的投资和复杂的技术,而城市政府无力承担这一项目所需的全部资本,如何筹措资本是一个很关键的问题,大众运输系统属于政府利用外资的领域,政府已颁布一系列政策来寻求国际合作。项目筹资方式不仅筹措资本,而且使贷款人关心项目的经营成败,通过建立一个强有力的项目机构来有效地实施项目,并提高新的大众运输系统的经营和管理水平。

Chengqing is the largest mountain city in the southwest of China.Two rivers converging here divide the urban areas into three parts ( the Central District, the North and South Banks). The built-up areas is 84.5 sqaure kilometres and with a population of over 1.65 million. The buses and trolley-buses have dominated in urban transit system which have transported 2.56 million passengers every day, and the passenger vloume has increased by 4.269b per year over the last few years. The increase of the motor vehicle has made urban highways and streets more congestd, and it is difficult to build or reform the highways and streets because of the limitation of geographical factor here. However, the way for dealing with the urban transport problem will develop the new mass transpoot system. The rail transit system is under planning. As the city municipality can't offer sufficient capital investment and the technology to this project, and the urban transport authority lacks the experiences of management in mass transport system, how to finance and manage the new system will be the critical factor for ensuring the most effective use of the avialable re-soures. The city welcomes various ways of cooperation with industrialised and developing countries in the project of mass transport system, by the project financing gained from capitals, technologies and experiences,and a cooperation organization should be set up to plan, construct, operate and maintain the new mass transport system.