胎儿鼻软骨及其他组织的发育

Development of the Hyaline Cartilage and Other Tissues in Fetal Nose

目的探讨胎儿鼻软骨、鼻肌及鼻皮肤发育规律,为鼻的胚胎发育及年龄解剖学提供资料。方法对39例3～10月龄的胎儿游离软骨性外鼻标本,采用石蜡包埋切片,HE染色光镜观测。结果 (1)软骨细胞的大小随胎龄增长而增大,其密度随胎龄增长而减小,两者在7～8月龄变化明显。(2)鼻肌4个月出现横纹,6个月横纹明显,大多数胞核位于肌膜下。(3)鼻皮肤表皮的角化、表皮嵴的发育及附属器的出现均有恒定的时间。结论 (1)7～8月龄是胎儿鼻软骨发育重要(旺盛)时期。(2)鼻皮肤的成熟程度与胎龄间有严格的对应关系。

Objective\ The morphological features of the nasal cartilage,muscle and skin were investigated in fetuses for the dating of embryonic development.\ Methods\ 39 specimens ranging from 3~10 months of embryonic age were cut into serial sections, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, observed by histological method.\ Results\ (1)The size of the cartilage cell increased with the fetus development.\ The cell decreased gradually in density.\ The above changes were rapid at 7 to 8 months.\ (2)Cross striations of nasal muscle in the fourth month were observed, and clearer in the sixth month.\ Most nucleus of muscle situated under cell membrane.\ (3)There were close relationships between the cornification of epidermis, development of epidermal ridge, appearance of appendages and fetal age.\ Conclusion\ (1)The 7~8 months is an important stage for nasal cartilage development.\ (2)The development of nasal skin is closely related to the fetal age.