特发性震颤的临床特点

Clinical characteristics of essential tremor

目的 探讨特发性震颤 (ET)的临床特点。方法 对 80例 ET患者的临床资料进行分析。结果80例 ET中男 5 0例 ,女 30例 ,发病年龄 3～ 70岁 ,平均 34.6± 16 .3岁 ,病程 6个月～ 6 0年 ,平均 14.2± 9.9年。45例 (5 6 .3% )患者有阳性家族史 ,多呈常染色体显性遗传。临床主要表现为单症状的姿势性震颤 ,累及部位依次为手 (92 .5 % )、咽喉部 (2 1.3% )、头 (2 0 % )、下颏 (17.5 % )等。 17.5 %患者因震颤致日常生活困难。 34例饮酒患者中 ,91.2 %显示对酒精有反应性。 6 .3%患者并发帕金森病 (PD)。 6 1%患者小剂量心得安治疗有效。结论 本组 ET患者男多于女 ,发病年龄轻 ,呈单峰模式 ,临床表现为单症状姿势性震颤 ,部分病例可伴发PD,小剂量心得安治疗大多有效。

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of essential tremor (ET).Methods The clinical materials of 80 patients with ET was analysed.Results In 80 patients with ET, 50 cases for the male, 30 cases for the female,the age at tremor onset was from 3 to 70 years old,the mean age was 34.6±16.3 years old,the course of disease was 6 months to 60 years,the mean 14.2±9.9 years. 45 patients (56 3%) had postive family history,they showed mostly autosomal dominant inheritance.The postural tremor was the main manifestation of essential tremor,tremor affected hand in 92.5% patients,throat in 21.3%,head in 20%,chin in 17.5%. Functional disability and impairment in 17.5% patients because of tremor.91 2% patients had the effect of alcohol occurred in 34 cases who had performed alcohol test.6 3% patients accompanied parkinson’s disease.A small dose of propranolol was effective in 61% patients.Conclusion In the ET group,the patients were mostly young,single model,the number of the male ET cases was more than the female,sole postural tremor,part of patients might accompany PD,a small dose of propranolol was effective.